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Specification
| Component Category | Key Examples & Specifications |
| Steering Gear | Rack-and-Pinion, Recirculating-Ball; Ratio (e.g., 16:1), Lock-to-lock turns |
| Linkage Components | Inner/Outer Tie Rod Ends, Center Link, Pitman Arm, Idler Arm; Thread size, Stud taper |
| Steering Column | Intermediate Shaft, U-Joints, Clock Spring; Collapsible design |
| Power Assist System | Hydraulic Pump (flow rate), Electric Motor (torque), Control Module |
| Fluids & Hoses | Power Steering Fluid type, High-pressure hose (PSI rating) |
| Hardware & Kits | Rebuild Kits, Seal Kits, Complete Tie Rod Assemblies |
Applications
Steering components are universal. Rack-and-pinion is dominant in passenger cars for compact size and direct feel. Recirculating-ball is common in trucks and older vehicles for durability. Performance applications use components with reduced play and higher strength. Off-road uses heavy-duty linkages and stabilizers. Electric power steering is standard in new vehicles, integrating with ADAS.
Advantages of a Healthy System
- Precise Vehicle Control: Provides immediate, accurate response for safety and confidence.
- Enhanced Safety: Directly impacts accident avoidance and control maintenance.
- Reduced Driver Fatigue: Power steering minimizes effort, especially at low speeds.
- Optimized Tire Life: Proper alignment from tight linkages prevents abnormal wear.
- Predictable Handling: Eliminates vague or wandering steering.
- Integrated with Safety Tech: A functioning EPS is the actuator for features like lane-centering.
Materials and Structural Integration
Components are built for strength. Steering rack housing is cast aluminum/iron. Gears are hardened alloy steel. Tie rods are high-strength steel. Ball joints use hardened studs and polymer/metal sockets. The system is designed for minimal deflection. Modern systems integrate sensors measuring angle, torque, and speed, feeding data to ECUs for assist adjustment or automated functions.
